How to change a file association with command line in Windows system (XP, Vista, 7)?

To change a file association with command line in Windows system (XP, Vista, 7)

Two commands are involved, assoc & ftype.

Example No1: 

We want to use Notepade++ to open text file instead of Notepad.

C:\assoc .txt

.txt=txtfile

C:\ftype txtfile

txtfile=%SystemRoot%\system32\NOTEPAD.EXE %1

ftype txtfile="C:\Program Files\Notepad++\notepad++.exe" "%1"

 

Example No2:

We have a customized application, ezPGPClient, which can encrypt and decrypt files with PGP standard.

It's located in C:\pnab\program\ezpgp\ezPGPClient.exe

The file extensions will be associated are .gpg and .pgp and there is no other program had been set up to association with them.

C:\assoc .gpg=pgpfile

# This command assign .gpg to be pgpfile

 

C:\assoc .pgp=pgpfile

# This command assign .pgp to be pgpfile

 

C:\ftype pgpfile=C:\pnab\program\ezpgp\ezPGPClient.exe %1

# This command assign pgpfile to be opened by the given program with absolute path.

Linux cron job

To add a cron job,

crontab -e

=============================================

0 0 * * * /opt/ezpgp/cmds/ezDailySync.sh >/tmp/dailysync.txt 2>&1

=============================================

The example above, will execute ezDailySync.sh at 0:0 every day.

分 時 日 月 週 |<==============指令串========================>|

To list the current cron job,

crontab -l

find how many keys are in key server

To find how many keys are in key server, please run this command in each server.

ldapsearch -H ldap://127.0.0.1 -x -b "ou=PGP Keys,dc=tsmc,dc=com" "(pgpUserID=*)" pgpKeyID -LLL | grep pgpKeyID |wc -l

 

If you want to compare the result on both server, please run this command in each server and redirect the output to a text file.

ldapsearch -H ldap://127.0.0.1 -x -b "ou=PGP Keys,dc=tsmc,dc=com" "(pgpUserID=*)" pgpKeyID -LLL | grep pgpKeyID | sort

How to check if my text or script does have “carrage return” CR in Linux

For example, I have a script called myscript.sh

Command:

$ cat –v myscript.sh

If I forgot to convert it into Unix format, I would have a output like this:

#! /bin/bash^M
^M
echo "Steve"^M
echo "Test"

詩作－天涼好個秋

前緣俗事亂倥傯，斷殘休書幻如夢。
閴寂無語問道心，恩仇一笑轉成空。
金風秋瑟吹寂寥，未想紅顏愫漸生。
無奈拙客意難達，夢華相知幾時成。

辛卯年八月二十三日，因秋有感戲作

SSH without password

To ssh to the server without password, the following conditions must be met.

1. The connecting user MUST have a key pair generated by ssh-keygen.
2. The connecting user's public key must be stored in $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys of connected user's home directory.
3. The file permission of $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys must be 644, i.e. rw--r--r—.

 

In the example below, we have ezpgp account on both ezpgp207 and ezpgp208.
We will make ezpgp@ezpgp207 to ssh ezpgp@ezpgp208 without password and vice versa.

First, we will us ssh-keygen to generate a RSA key pair on both server's $HOME/.ssh/
If /home/ezpgp/.ssh does not exist, just create it and change the directory permission to 700, i.e. rwx------.

[ezpgp@ezpgp207 ~]$ mkdir .ssh
[ezpgp@ezpgp207 ~]$ chmod 700 .ssh

The key name will be $HOSTNAME.sync and we don't set password up for the private key.

[ezpgp@ezpgp207 ~]$ cd .ssh
[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/ezpgp/.ssh/id_rsa): ezpgp207.sync
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):  <== Don't give password, just Enter
Enter same passphrase again:                         <== Enter again
Your identification has been saved in ezpgp207.sync.     <== private key
Your public key has been saved in ezpgp207.sync.pub.  <== public key
The key fingerprint is:
49:da:eb:ae:46:1d:cb:29:84:f7:59:f2:de:77:24:9a ezpgp@ezpgp207.speed-ssl.com
[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ ll
total 12
-rw------- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 1675 Mar 31 20:11 ezpgp207.sync
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410 Mar 31 20:11 ezpgp207.sync.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  404 Mar 31 18:40 known_hosts

 

Generating key on ezpgp208

[ezpgp@ezpgp208 ~]$ cd .ssh
[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/ezpgp/.ssh/id_rsa): ezpgp208.sync
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):  <== Don't give password, just Enter
Enter same passphrase again:                         <== Enter again
Your identification has been saved in ezpgp208.sync.     <== private key
Your public key has been saved in ezpgp208.sync.pub.  <== public key
The key fingerprint is:
15:39:01:b1:13:6c:07:21:df:c0:f4:1a:08:f1:6a:a4 ezpgp@ezpgp208.speed-ssl.com
[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ ll
total 12
-rw------- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 1671 Mar 31 20:20 ezpgp208.sync
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410 Mar 31 20:20 ezpgp208.sync.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  404 Mar 31 15:27 known_hosts

 

On ezpgp207, send ezpgp207.sync.pub to ezpgp208

[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ scp ezpgp207.sync.pub ezpgp@ezpgp208:~
ezpgp@ezpgp208's password:
ezpgp207.sync.pub                                                       100%  410     0.4KB/s   00:00

 

On ezpgp208, import ezpgp207.sync.pub into .ssh/authorized_keys

[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ ll ~
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 410 Mar 31 20:25 ezpgp207.sync.pub
[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ cat ~/ezpgp207.sync.pub >> authorized_keys
[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ ll
total 16
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410  Mar 31 20:26 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 1671  Mar 31 20:20 ezpgp208.sync
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410   Mar 31 20:20 ezpgp208.sync.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  404   Mar 31 15:27 known_hosts

 

On ezpgp208, send ezpgp208.sync.pub to ezpgp207

[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ scp ezpgp208.sync.pub ezpgp@ezpgp207:~
ezpgp@ezpgp207's password:
ezpgp208.sync.pub                                                       100%  410     0.4KB/s   00:00

 

On ezpgp207, import ezpgp208.sync.pub into .ssh/authorized_keys

[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ ll ~
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 410 Mar 31 20:31 ezpgp208.sync.pub
[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ cat ~/ezpgp208.sync.pub >> authorized_keys
[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ ll
total 16
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410  Mar 31 20:34 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 1675  Mar 31 20:11 ezpgp207.sync
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410   Mar 31 20:11 ezpgp207.sync.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  404   Mar 31 18:40 known_hosts

 

Change the file permission of authorized_keys to 644 on ezpgp207

[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ chmod 644 authorized_keys
[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ ll
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410 Mar 31 20:34 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 1675 Mar 31 20:11 ezpgp207.sync
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410 Mar 31 20:11 ezpgp207.sync.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  404 Mar 31 18:40 known_hosts

 

Change the file permission of authorized_keys to 644 on ezpgp208

[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ chmod 644 authorized_keys
[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ ll
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410 Mar 31 20:26 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 ezpgp ezpgp 1671 Mar 31 20:20 ezpgp208.sync
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  410 Mar 31 20:20 ezpgp208.sync.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 ezpgp ezpgp  404 Mar 31 15:27 known_hosts

 

Now from ezpgp207 ssh to ezpgp208

[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ ssh -i ezpgp207.sync ezpgp@ezpgp208
Last login: Thu Mar 31 20:38:13 2011 from ezpgp207.speed-ssl.com
[ezpgp@ezpgp208 ~]$

 

From ezpgp208 ssh to ezpgp207

[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ ssh -i ./ezpgp208.sync ezpgp@ezpgp207
Last login: Thu Mar 31 19:52:46 2011 from ezpgp208.speed-ssl.com
[ezpgp@ezpgp207 ~]$

Copy ezpgp207.sync to /opt/ezpgp/cmds/ on ezpgp207 server

[ezpgp@ezpgp207 .ssh]$ cp ezpgp207.sync /opt/ezpgp/cmds

Copy ezpgp208.sync to /opt/ezpgp/cmds/ on ezpgp208 server

[ezpgp@ezpgp208 .ssh]$ cp ezpgp208.sync /opt/ezpgp/cmds